Vocabulary

B.68 Recording vocabulary
Aim: to collect vocabulary in context and in a format that is readily useable.

You will need: a system.

How to record vocabulary: don't make lists!

Record vocab in topic-based groupings, using images. Record words in context, not alone. The meaning of words is clearer if they are recorded in context and the words will be easier to recall.

For those with a visual memory the very fact of noting related terms and expressions side by side on the page will mean that recalling one of them helps to recall those that were around it on the page, or noted at the same time.

Source: Lewis 1993: 126

B.69 Collect vocabulary in collocation
Aim: to collect vocabulary in context and in a format that is readily useable.

You will need: a notebook.

Don't collect new vocabulary in lists, but collect it in context with other words that it can be used with. In this way you have ready phrases to use, rather than single words.

Example
(re-)draft
table controversial
withdraw compromise amendments
vote on far-reaching
sign
Be aware of the methods for vocabulary recording that are out there and which ones work for you. For example, you might have a look at Lewis & Wilberg's seminal students' book Business English, in which they offer a whole range of ways to record vocabulary more effectively. Have a look also at Teaching Collocation by the same author. Details in the bibliography at the back of this book.

Source: Lewis 1993: 126; Lomb 2008: 140; EMCI 2002: 60; Walker 2005

B.70 Create a collocation dictionary
Aim: to collect vocabulary in context and in a format that is readily useable.

You will need: a separate notebook.

Create a collocation dictionary for your active language. That is a collection of pairs of words that are often found together. For example, in English the phrases ‘a heated debate’ or ‘untold suffering’ are used in preference to the many other pairs that would be technically correct, for example, ‘an angry debate’ or ‘grave suffering’. If you are to be convincing in your active languages you too must use them. (Gillies) Gillies, Andrew. Conference Interpreting. Routledge, 20130724. VitalBook file.

Recreate Real Meetings

C.68 Recreate real meetings
Aim: to use context to help analyze a speech.

You will need: an agenda or programme from a real meeting.

Initially you should do this exercise with a teacher/interpreter who can use their experience to help make things realistic. Once you've got the basics you can do it in practice groups.

You will be able to find agendas and programmes on the internet for events that took place in real life. Choose one on a subject that is not too esoteric and assign one of the named speakers from the agenda to each person in the group. Each person should then prepare a speech as though they were the named speaker assigned to them. The speeches will be interpreted as part of the simulation of a meeting (mock conference).

Each speaker should find out the following in relation to the speaker whose role they are playing. It's fairly easy to find out all this information online.

• Has the speaker written anything on the topic before?

• Does the location have anything to do with promoting literature on the topic?

• Is the speaker linked to any special causes, events, etc.?

• Where does the speaker generally voice his/her opinion?

• Is the speaker in any way related to the place housing the event?

• Will the location influence the speaker's words in any way?

• Why has this person been chosen for this occasion?

• Is the occasion incidental or of relevance to the location?

Before the speaker speaks, allow the ‘interpreter’ to ask the speaker these same questions. When you are comfortable with this exercise the interpreter will have to find out the answers for themselves as part of their meeting preparation and without help from the speaker.

Much of what a speaker may say can be anticipated if we know enough about their background. And if you want to analyse why a speaker is saying something, and which parts of what they say are most important for them, then you must be familiar with that background.

Source: Monacelli 1999: 17 (Gillies) Gillies, Andrew. Conference Interpreting. Routledge, 20130724. VitalBook file.

Record yourself

B.48 Record yourself 1
Aim: to identify, and later eliminate, those mistakes that you recognize when listening but still make when speaking.

You will need: digital voice recorder.

Record yourself speaking your B language*. Listen and analyse your language use. Alternatively, ask a colleague to listen and analyze for you.

You will notice some of your own mistakes while speaking but you will find more when listening to a recording of yourself. (Gillies) Gillies, Andrew. Conference Interpreting. Routledge, 20130724. VitalBook file.

how to prioritize , criteria to prioritize

importance
urgency
lenght of activity
periodicity
発生時期
when was last time you did it

出世するための能力

Mi agua favorita my favorite water

This is the best tasting water I have tried, it leaves you with this special flavor after drinking it.

Un tipo de un Porshe

Hoy vi a un tipo tatuado hasta el dedo meñique manejando una camioneta porshe con placas del Estado de Morelos.
Esto es importante porque me hace pensar sobre que clase de gente tiene tanto dinero y como puedo yo ser más astuto que todos para conseguirlo.